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H.J.Res. 191·119th Congress·Introduced Jun 3, 2026

Proposing an amendment to the Constitution of the United States to provide that Congress and the States shall have certain authority to regulate and limit contributions and spending in campaigns for elections for public office, elections for public office, and ballot initiatives and referendums.

IntroducedGovernment Operations and PoliticsMajor
View bill text
Sponsor
Rep. Barrett, Tom [R-MI-7]
Committees
Judiciary Committee (primary)
Last action
Jun 3, 2026

Bottom line

This resolution seeks to fundamentally alter the constitutional framework for campaign finance, empowering legislative bodies to impose limits on political contributions and spending, particularly for non-human entities.

What it actually does

This joint resolution proposes a constitutional amendment to explicitly grant Congress and the States the authority to reasonably regulate and limit contributions and spending in campaigns for public office and ballot initiatives. It specifically allows legislative bodies to distinguish between natural persons and artificial entities, and to prohibit artificial entities from raising and spending money in such campaigns.

Proponents argue

Supporters argue this amendment would restore democratic integrity by reducing the perceived undue influence of large contributions and corporate spending, thereby enhancing the political equality of natural persons and ensuring representative self-government. They contend it would counteract the effects of Supreme Court decisions that equated money with speech, allowing for reasonable limits to protect the electoral process.

Opponents contend

Opponents would likely argue that this amendment infringes upon fundamental First Amendment rights, particularly freedom of speech, by allowing government to restrict political expression through spending. They might contend it could lead to censorship, disproportionately harm grassroots campaigns, or silence important collective voices regardless of their legal structure.

The bill text is extremely short and easy to read, allowing ample time for deep consideration of its significant implications.

Article --, Section 1

Declaration of Compelling Sovereign Interests

prominently featuredstraightforward

This section establishes the foundational principles for the proposed amendment, asserting that 'We the People' have compelling sovereign interests in free speech, representative self-government, federalism, electoral integrity, and the political equality of natural persons. It sets the philosophical stage for the subsequent provisions by framing the regulation of money in politics as serving these core democratic interests.

GroupImpactMechanismScale
GroupAll citizensImpactReaffirms foundational democratic principlesMechanismConstitutional declarationScaleBroad, philosophical

Supporters argue

Supporters argue this section clearly articulates the values that justify campaign finance reform, ensuring that any regulations are understood to uphold, rather than diminish, core democratic principles like free speech and political equality.

Critics contend

Opponents might argue that while these interests are generally accepted, framing them in this way could be used to justify restrictions on speech that they believe are unconstitutional, potentially reordering constitutional priorities.

Tradeoffs

This section attempts to balance the freedom of speech with other democratic values like political equality and electoral integrity, which are often seen as being in tension in campaign finance debates.

Article --, Section 2

Congressional and State Authority to Regulate Campaign Finance

prominently featuredmoderately complex

This section explicitly grants Congress and the States the power to reasonably regulate and limit contributions and spending in campaigns for public office and ballot initiatives/referendums. Crucially, it allows for distinguishing between natural persons and artificial entities (like corporations or unions) and permits the prohibition of artificial entities from raising and spending money in such campaigns. This directly addresses and seeks to overturn the implications of Supreme Court rulings like *Citizens United v. FEC*.

Article --, Section 3

Enforcement Authority

prominently featuredstraightforward

This section grants Congress and the States the power to implement and enforce the provisions of this new article through appropriate legislation. This is a standard enabling clause for constitutional amendments, ensuring that the legislative bodies have the necessary authority to enact laws that give effect to the amendment's principles.

About this analysis. AI-Generated from the official bill text and available committee reports. Gaps in available data are noted explicitly. Verify important details with the official Congress.gov record.

On this page

  • Executive summary
  • Key provisions
  • Follow the money
  • Critical analysis
  • Questions to ask
  • Implementation
  • Political analysis
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