A joint resolution to direct the removal of United States Armed Forces from hostilities within or against the Islamic Republic of Iran that have not been authorized by Congress.
- Sponsor
- Sen. Warnock, Raphael G. [D-GA]
- Committees
- Foreign Relations Committee (primary)
- Last action
- Jun 16, 2026
Bottom line
This resolution seeks to reassert Congress's constitutional authority over the use of military force by requiring the President to withdraw U.S. forces from unauthorized hostilities with Iran.
What it actually does
This joint resolution directs the President to remove United States Armed Forces from hostilities within or against the Islamic Republic of Iran, citing the lack of congressional authorization for such actions. It references specific military operations, including "Operation Epic Fury," and the resulting casualties and economic disruption, asserting that these constitute hostilities under the War Powers Resolution.
Proponents argue
Proponents argue that this resolution is essential to uphold the constitutional prerogative of Congress to declare war, preventing unauthorized military engagements and ensuring that the collective judgment of both Congress and the President applies to the introduction of U.S. Armed Forces into hostilities, especially given the casualties and economic disruption already incurred.
Opponents contend
Opponents might argue that this resolution unduly restricts the President's authority as Commander-in-Chief, potentially undermining national security interests, limiting the ability to respond swiftly to evolving threats, or signaling weakness to adversaries. They may also contend that existing authorizations or the President's inherent Article II powers cover such military actions.
The bill is short and clearly written, making it accessible for a quick read and evaluation of its core directive and rationale.
Section 1
Congressional Findings on War Powers and Iran Hostilities
This section establishes the legal and factual basis for the resolution. It affirms Congress's sole power to declare war, notes the absence of such a declaration or specific authorization for military force against Iran, and details recent U.S. military actions, including "Operation Epic Fury," which involved casualties and led to the closure of the Strait of Hormuz. It concludes that these actions constitute hostilities under the War Powers Resolution.
Supporters argue
Supporters argue these findings are crucial for establishing the legal and factual predicate for congressional action, ensuring accountability and adherence to the Constitution's separation of powers regarding the authorization of military force.
Critics contend
Opponents might dispute the characterization of the military actions as 'hostilities' under the War Powers Resolution or challenge the interpretation of existing authorities, arguing that the President's actions fall within inherent Article II powers or prior authorizations.
Tradeoffs
This section navigates the tension between the executive branch's asserted need for flexibility in foreign policy and national security and Congress's constitutional role in authorizing military engagements.
Section 2
Directive for Removal of U.S. Armed Forces from Iran Hostilities
This is the core operative provision, directly ordering the President to remove U.S. Armed Forces from any hostilities within or against Iran. This directive is conditional, allowing for continued engagement only if explicitly authorized by a declaration of war or a specific Authorization for Use of Military Force (AUMF) enacted by Congress. It invokes specific expedited procedures for consideration under existing law.
Section 3
Permitted Actions Not Prevented by Resolution
This section clarifies that the resolution does not prevent the U.S. from undertaking certain actions. These include defending against attacks on U.S. personnel or facilities, collecting and sharing intelligence (including with allies like Israel), assisting partner countries attacked by Iran since February 28, 2026, with defensive measures or materiel support, and providing assistance for the security and evacuation of U.S. citizens affected by the hostilities.